Vaccination is the most functional medical intervention to prophylactically control severe\ndiseases caused by human-to-human or animal-to-human transmissible viral pathogens. Annually,\nseasonal influenza epidemics attack human populations leading to 290-650 thousand deaths/year\nworldwide. Recently, a novel Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus emerged. Together,\nthose two viruses present a significant public health burden in areas where they circulate. Herein,\nwe generated a bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)-based vaccine presenting the antigenic\nstable chimeric fusion protein of the H1-type haemagglutinin (HA) of the pandemic influenza A\nvirus (H1N1) strain from 2009 (H1N1pdm09) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Middle\nEast Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (OMVs-H1/RBD). Our results showed that\nthe chimeric antigen could induce specific neutralizing antibodies against both strains leading to\nprotection of immunized mice against H1N1pdm09 and efficient neutralization of MERS-CoV. This\nstudy demonstrate that OMVs-based vaccines presenting viral antigens provide a safe and reliable\napproach to protect against two different viral infections.
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